Anthropological evidence suggests that in ancient nomadic societies, women were revered for their ability to bear children. This led to matriarchal systems where collective survival took precedence over material wealth. As civilizations evolved, so did societal structures.

The advent of warfare significantly altered the status of women, with women and children often becoming victims of enslavement and violence. This subjugation became normalized and, in some cases, was a marker of societal hierarchy. Mary Magdalene plays a key role as a woman in the patriarchy. Religious scholars like her role in the *New Testament*, her “heretical” gospel, and her cultural reputation.

The woman attracts attention with her personality because the early church was fixated on a single idea of paternal lineage. Namely, Jesus came to earth from God in heaven, gathered a team of male disciples, and, having ascended, anointed them as priests. As you can see, there is no mention of a woman.

The next interesting and, at the same time, tragic moment in history is the witch hunts. From the very beginning, the Inquisition focused its actions on heretics, those who rejected the biblical canon and adhered to other religions or the Gospel. Women came to the center of the Inquisition's attention during the bubonic plague, when up to 50 million people died. The witch trials were secular and included coercion to various confessions, public torture, as well as burning at the stake. Initially, older women, widows who did not want to remarry and instructed young women in life, were considered witches. However, over time, young women became more frequent targets of punishment and abuse.

It turns out that if a person knew some secret information or was erudite, and so on, the Inquisition did not pass them by. Women at that time stuck together and supported each other as much as possible. Historians estimate that 80 to 199 thousand women were killed in Europe alone. In America, this witch-hunt also took place, and one of the worst events was the execution of 25 women during a trial in Salem, Massachusetts.